Warning: This dashboard was not built by an epidemiologist.

Note: Click a country name to open a search results page for that countryโ€™s COVID-19 news.

Based on data up to: 2020-09-19. Compared to (10 days before): 2020-09-09

Transmission rate:

Note: "transmission rate" here is a measure of speed of spread of infection, and means how much of the susceptible population each infected person is infecting per day (if everyone is susceptible). E.g. 10% means that 100 infected patients will infect 10 new people per day. Related to R0. See Methodology for details of calculation.

โญ• Bad news: new waves ๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡บ ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ธ ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ผ ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ธ ๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡ธ ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ช ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ช ๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡ท ๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡ด ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ณ ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ฑ ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ท ๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ฐ ๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡ฒ ๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ฒ ๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ฟ ๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ด ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ฐ ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ท

Large increase in transmission rate vs. 10 days ago, that might mean a relapse, new wave, worsening outbreak.

  • Countries are sorted by size of change in transmission rate.
  • Includes only countries that were previously active (more than 100 estimated new cases).
  • "Large increase" = at least +2% change.
Current:
Estimated
daily
transmission
rate
10 days ago:
Estimated
daily
transmission
rate
Estimated
recent cases
in last 5 days
Estimated
current
ICU need
per 100k
population
Estimated
total
affected
population
percentage
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡บ Luxembourg 14.4% -36.3% 820 0.62 2.4%
๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ธ Iceland 13.4% 2.9% 133 0.18 0.7%
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ผ Guinea-Bissau 4.9% -0.0% 223 0.03 0.9%
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ธ South Sudan 8.2% 4.1% 380 0.01 0.2%
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡ธ Lesotho 5.0% 1.3% 483 0.13 0.5%
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ช Belgium 8.6% 5.1% 55,210 4.56 8.2%
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ช Georgia 12.3% 8.9% 778 0.13 0.1%
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡ท Liberia 5.4% 2.4% 195 0.02 0.6%
๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡ด Angola 7.1% 4.2% 7,765 0.05 0.3%
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ณ Senegal 5.0% 2.4% 1,424 0.06 0.8%
๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ฑ Poland 5.8% 3.2% 9,260 0.31 0.6%
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ท Brazil 5.5% 2.9% 728,727 3.17 10.7%
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ฐ North Macedonia 6.1% 3.7% 3,226 1.53 4.1%
๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡ฒ Armenia 6.3% 3.9% 2,826 0.78 4.4%
๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ฒ Jamaica 7.8% 5.4% 1,982 0.39 0.5%
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ฟ Mozambique 8.5% 6.2% 3,143 0.02 0.1%
๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ด Jordan 9.4% 7.2% 2,711 0.07 0.1%
๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ฐ Pakistan 5.3% 3.2% 16,847 0.03 0.9%
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ท Greece 6.4% 4.4% 2,331 0.36 0.3%

Tip: Click country name in legend to switch countries. Uze mouse wheel to zoom Y axis.

๐ŸŸข Good news: slowing waves ๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡พ ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ด ๐Ÿ‡ฟ๐Ÿ‡ผ ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฎ ๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ฟ ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ซ ๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡พ

Large decrease in transmission rate vs. 10 days ago, that might mean a slowing down / effective control measures.

  • Countries are sorted by size of change in transmission rate.
  • Includes only countries that were previously active (more than 100 estimated new cases).
  • "Large decrease" = at least -2% change.
Current:
Estimated
daily
transmission
rate
10 days ago:
Estimated
daily
transmission
rate
Estimated
recent cases
in last 5 days
Estimated
current
ICU need
per 100k
population
Estimated
total
affected
population
percentage
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡พ Malaysia 5.4% 10.3% 539 0.01 0.1%
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ด Somalia 2.4% 6.5% 149 0.01 0.3%
๐Ÿ‡ฟ๐Ÿ‡ผ Zimbabwe 2.0% 6.0% 1,226 0.08 0.7%
๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฎ Cote d'Ivoire 2.8% 6.1% 479 0.01 0.2%
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ Hungary 8.8% 12.0% 15,032 1.75 0.9%
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ฟ Belize 3.2% 6.2% 303 0.69 1.6%
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ซ Burkina Faso 4.5% 7.0% 1,561 0.02 0.2%
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡พ Libya 6.2% 8.4% 15,914 1.08 2.1%

Tip: Click country name in legend to switch countries. Uze mouse wheel to zoom Y axis.

ICU need

โญ• Bad news: higher ICU need ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ช ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡จ ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฑ ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง ๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ช ๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡บ ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ฑ ๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ท ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฟ ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ช ๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ฐ ๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฎ ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡น ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ท ๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡น ๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡ท ๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡น ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡น

Large increases in need for ICU beds per 100k population vs. 10 days ago.

  • Only countries for which the ICU need increased by more than 0.2 (per 100k).
Current:
Estimated
ICU need
per 100k
population
10 days ago:
Estimated
ICU need
per 100k
population
Estimated
recent cases
in last 5 days
Estimated
daily
transmission
rate
Estimated
total
affected
population
percentage
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ช Belgium 4.56 3.00 55,210 8.6% 8.2%
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡จ Ecuador 2.68 1.45 111,994 9.4% 13.3%
๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Netherlands 3.03 2.13 48,330 8.3% 3.6%
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง United Kingdom 2.68 1.79 164,304 7.6% 5.9%
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ช Montenegro 2.86 2.17 1,878 7.3% 2.9%
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡บ Luxembourg 0.62 0.00 820 14.4% 2.4%
๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Israel 1.83 1.29 20,941 7.5% 2.4%
๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ท France 5.07 4.59 215,149 6.1% 4.7%
๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฟ Czechia 0.93 0.47 11,652 11.1% 0.6%
๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ช Ireland 1.30 0.89 6,542 7.5% 4.4%
๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ฐ Denmark 0.89 0.51 5,082 8.6% 1.1%
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ Hungary 1.75 1.38 15,032 8.8% 0.9%
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฎ Slovenia 0.80 0.49 1,537 8.5% 0.7%
๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡น Portugal 0.88 0.61 6,607 6.9% 1.5%
๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ท Costa Rica 1.70 1.43 10,589 5.8% 2.4%
๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡น Austria 0.79 0.52 6,156 8.1% 0.8%
๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡ท Argentina 3.23 2.97 150,681 5.8% 4.6%
๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡น Trinidad and Tobago 0.95 0.71 1,811 7.4% 0.8%
๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡น Italy 1.66 1.46 57,708 5.8% 4.3%

Tip: Click country name in legend to switch countries. Uze mouse wheel to zoom Y axis.

๐ŸŸข Good news: lower ICU need ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ช ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ด ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ด ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ท ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ธ ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ฟ ๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ฝ ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ฆ ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ท ๐Ÿ‡ฟ๐Ÿ‡ฆ ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ฒ ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ฌ ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ป ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฆ ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡น ๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ป

Large decreases in need for ICU beds per 100k population vs. 10 days ago.

  • Only countries for which the ICU need decreased by more than 0.1 (per 100k).
Current:
Estimated
ICU need
per 100k
population
10 days ago:
Estimated
ICU need
per 100k
population
Estimated
recent cases
in last 5 days
Estimated
daily
transmission
rate
Estimated
total
affected
population
percentage
๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ช Peru 5.12 5.69 169,428 4.8% 17.4%
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ด Bolivia 2.69 3.16 26,334 3.5% 13.5%
๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ด Colombia 3.33 3.77 168,680 4.6% 8.5%
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ท Suriname 0.94 1.36 356 2.2% 3.4%
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ธ Bahamas 2.09 2.38 835 3.8% 3.8%
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ฟ Belize 0.69 0.98 303 3.2% 1.6%
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ฝ Mexico 2.67 2.92 368,730 4.6% 11.3%
๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ฆ Panama 2.30 2.52 10,604 4.8% 9.4%
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ท Brazil 3.17 3.37 728,727 5.5% 10.7%
๐Ÿ‡ฟ๐Ÿ‡ฆ South Africa 0.61 0.76 50,682 3.7% 6.9%
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ฒ Gambia 0.31 0.45 1,196 2.4% 2.3%
๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ฌ Kyrgyzstan 0.29 0.42 2,213 3.0% 4.6%
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ป El Salvador 0.37 0.50 1,798 3.0% 2.2%
Eswatini 0.44 0.54 856 3.3% 3.3%
๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Namibia 0.43 0.53 1,613 2.9% 1.7%
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡น Guatemala 0.83 0.93 26,315 4.6% 5.1%
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ป Maldives 0.43 0.53 372 3.8% 2.1%

Tip: Click country name in legend to switch countries. Uze mouse wheel to zoom Y axis.

New cases and deaths:

โญ• Bad news: new first significant outbreaks

Countries that have started their first significant outbreak (crossed 1000 total reported cases or 20 deaths) vs. 10 days ago.

Current:
Estimated
daily
transmission
rate
10 days ago:
Estimated
daily
transmission
rate
Estimated
recent cases
in last 5 days
Estimated
current
ICU need
per 100k
population
Estimated
total
affected
population
percentage

Tip: Click country name in legend to switch countries. Uze mouse wheel to zoom Y axis.

๐ŸŸข Good news: no new cases or deaths

New countries with no new cases or deaths vs. 10 days ago.

  • Only considering countries that had at least 1000 estimated total cases and at least 10 total deaths and had an active outbreak previously.
Estimated
total
cases
Total
reported
deaths
Date
of last
reported case
Date
of last
reported death

Tip: Click country name in legend to switch countries. Uze mouse wheel to zoom Y axis.

Mixed news: no new deaths, only new cases ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ซ ๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ฑ ๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡บ ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ช ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ณ ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฑ ๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ท ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ธ ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ช ๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡ท ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ฏ ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ฆ ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡พ ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ซ ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฌ ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ช ๐Ÿ‡ป๐Ÿ‡ณ ๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ฏ ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ถ

New countries with no new deaths (only new cases) vs. 10 days ago.

  • Only considering countries that had at least 1000 estimated total cases and at least 10 total deaths and had an active outbreak previously.
Current:
Estimated
daily
transmission
rate
10 days ago:
Estimated
daily
transmission
rate
Estimated
recent cases
in last 5 days
Estimated
current
ICU need
per 100k
population
Estimated
total
affected
population
percentage
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ซ Burkina Faso 4.5% 7.0% 1,561 0.02 0.2%
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Mali 5.8% 7.1% 1,484 0.02 0.3%
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡บ Luxembourg 14.4% -36.3% 820 0.62 2.4%
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ช Georgia 12.3% 8.9% 778 0.13 0.1%
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ณ Guinea 4.2% 3.7% 507 0.01 0.2%
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Sierra Leone 6.1% 4.3% 492 0.02 0.4%
๐Ÿ‡ฒ๐Ÿ‡ท Mauritania 3.3% 2.8% 401 0.06 1.4%
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ธ South Sudan 8.2% 4.1% 380 0.01 0.2%
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ช Estonia 7.5% 7.7% 304 0.26 0.4%
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡ท Liberia 5.4% 2.4% 195 0.02 0.6%
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ฏ Benin 1.7% 4.5% 94 0.01 0.1%
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Gabon 2.6% 0.8% 93 0.03 0.9%
๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡พ Cyprus 7.6% 1.6% 86 0.05 0.2%
๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ซ CAR (Africa) 2.8% 1.4% 85 0.01 0.6%
๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฌ Singapore 1.5% 2.3% 70 0.05 1.0%
๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ช Niger 4.6% 1.3% 30 0.00 0.1%
๐Ÿ‡ป๐Ÿ‡ณ Vietnam 1.2% 1.4% 30 0.00 0.0%
๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ฏ Djibouti 3.1% 1.2% 23 0.01 1.8%
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ถ Equatorial Guinea 0.4% 2.1% 16 0.03 2.9%

Tip: Click country name in legend to switch countries. Uze mouse wheel to zoom Y axis.

No news: continously inactive countries ๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ฟ

Countries that had no new cases or deaths 10 days ago or now.

  • Only considering countries that had at least 1000 estimated total cases and at least 10 total deaths.
  • Caveat:these countries may have stopped reporting data like Tanzania.
Estimated
total
cases
Total
reported
deaths
Date
of last
reported case
Date
of last
reported death
๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ฟ Tanzania 10,215 21 2020-05-08 2020-05-08

Tip: Click country name in legend to switch countries. Uze mouse wheel to zoom Y axis.

Deaths burden:

โญ• Bad news: higher death burden ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ธ ๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ณ ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡น ๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ท ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡น ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง

Countries with significantly higher recent death burden per 100k population vs. 10 days ago.

  • "Significantly higher" = 100% more.
  • Only considering countries that had at least 10 recent deaths in both timeframes, and death burden of at least 0.1 per 100k.
Current:
5 day
death
burden
per 100k
10 days ago:
5 day
death
burden
per 100k
New
reported deaths
since 10
days ago
Estimated
current
ICU need
per 100k
population
Estimated
total
affected
population
percentage
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ธ Spain 1.05 0.45 867 6.0 5.9%
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡ณ Honduras 0.80 0.38 122 1.1 6.4%
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡น Guatemala 0.68 0.29 208 0.8 5.1%
๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ท France 0.38 0.11 452 5.1 4.7%
๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡น Portugal 0.24 0.11 50 0.9 1.5%
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง United Kingdom 0.14 0.07 165 2.7 5.9%

๐ŸŸข Good news: lower death burden ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ด ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡จ ๐Ÿ‡ด๐Ÿ‡ฒ

Countries with significantly lower recent death burden per 100k population vs. 10 days ago.

  • "Significantly lower" = 50% less
  • Only considering countries that had at least 10 recent deaths in both timeframes, and death burden of at least 0.1 per 100k.
Current:
5 day
death
burden
per 100k
10 days ago:
5 day
death
burden
per 100k
New
reported deaths
since 10
days ago
Estimated
current
ICU need
per 100k
population
Estimated
total
affected
population
percentage
๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ด Bolivia 1.19 14.97 440 2.7 13.5%
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡จ Ecuador 0.69 22.54 383 2.7 13.3%
๐Ÿ‡ด๐Ÿ‡ฒ Oman 0.41 0.90 67 0.4 6.1%

Appendix:

Note: For interactive map, per country details, projections, and modeling methodology see Projections of ICU need by Country dashboard

Warning: the visualisation below contains the results of a predictive model that was not built by an epidemiologist.

Future model projections plots per country

For countries in any of the above groups.

Tip: Choose country from the drop-down below the graph.

Future World projections (all countries stacked)

The outputs of the models for all countries in stacked plots.

Tip: Hover the mouse of the area to see which country is which and the countries S/I/R ratios at that point.
Tip: The plots are zoomable and draggable.

World total estimated actively infected

World total estimated recovered or dead

Methodology

  • I'm not an epidemiologist. This is an attempt to understand what's happening, and what the future looks like if current trends remain unchanged.
  • Everything is approximated and depends heavily on underlying assumptions.
  • Transmission rate calculation:
    • Growth rate is calculated over the 5 past days by averaging the daily growth rates.
    • Confidence bounds are calculated from the weighted standard deviation of the growth rate over the last 5 days. Model predictions are calculated for growth rates within 1 STD of the weighted mean. The maximum and minimum values for each day are used as confidence bands. Countries with highly noisy transmission rates are exluded from tranmission rate change tables ("new waves", "slowing waves").
    • Transmission rate, and its STD are calculated from growth rate and its STD using active cases estimation.
    • For projections (into future) very noisy projections (with broad confidence bounds) are not shown in the tables.
    • Where the rate estimated from Total Outstanding Cases is too high (on down-slopes) recovery probability if 1/20 is used (equivalent 20 days to recover).
  • Total cases are estimated from the reported deaths for each country:
    • Each country has a different testing policy and capacity and cases are under-reported in some countries. Using an estimated IFR (fatality rate) we can estimate the number of cases some time ago by using the total deaths until today.
    • IFRs for each country is estimated using the age adjusted IFRs from May 1 New York paper and UN demographic data for 2020. These IFRs can be found in df['age_adjusted_ifr'] column. Some examples: US - 0.98%, UK - 1.1%, Qatar - 0.25%, Italy - 1.4%, Japan - 1.6%.
    • The average fatality lag is assumed to be 8 days on average for a case to go from being confirmed positive (after incubation + testing lag) to death. This is the same figure used by "Estimating The Infected Population From Deaths".
    • Testing bias adjustment: the actual lagged fatality rate is than divided by the IFR to estimate the testing bias in a country. The estimated testing bias then multiplies the reported case numbers to estimate the true case numbers (=case numbers if testing coverage was as comprehensive as in the heavily tested countries).
  • ICU need is calculated and age-adjusted as follows:
    • UK ICU ratio was reported as 4.4% of active reported cases.
    • Using UKs ICU ratio, UK's testing bias, and IFRs corrected for age demographics we can estimate each country's ICU ratio (the number of cases requiring ICU hospitalisation).